Material Machining
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Differences in machining different copper alloys (brass, copper, bronze, cupronickel)?
Chamfering different copper alloys - differences: 1) Brass (H62, H59) - the most common: zinc-bearing: excellent machinability, no welding - the easiest copper alloy. Standard HSS or cobalt HSS, high speed 1500-3000rpm, generous feed 0.1-0.2mm/rev, dry or light fluid; 2) Pure copper (T2, electrolytic) - soft, tacky, welds easily, surface fuzzes. Cobalt HSS + DLC coating to resist welding, high speed 2000-4000rpm, medium feed 0.08-0.15mm/rev, generous lubrication (emulsion or kerosene), sharp tools; 3) Bronze (tin bronze QSn6.5-0.1, aluminum bronze QAl9-4, beryllium copper QBe2) - tin bronze cuts well, like brass; aluminum bronze is hard and strong, machinability fair: cobalt HSS at medium speed; beryllium copper is hard after heat treatment (HRC35-45): cobalt HSS or carbide, low speed, small feed; 4) Cupronickel (B19, BFe10-1-1) - nickel-bearing: strong, corrosion-resistant, medium machinability: less tacky than pure copper: cobalt HSS at medium-high speed. Summary: brass cuts easiest, pure copper welds most, bronze depends on the grade, cupronickel is medium. Welding: sharp tools + DLC coating + generous lubrication.
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